2026-07-25T21:44:53Z https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/oai

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/1 2026-07-25T09:06:21Z files:ART

Breeding Strategies for Climate Resilient Traits in Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Rinchan Dolkar Faizan Ahmad Stanzin Yangsdon Tsultim Plamo Bilquees Fatima Kausar Fatima Mansoor Ali Climate Change, Potato Climate Resilient Breeding, QTL Mapping, Abiotic Stress Tolerance Climate change factored rise in temperatures coupled with the climatic variation like temperature, rainfall pattern and humidity are going to be major limiting factors in sustainable vegetable production. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important global food source, after wheat, rice and maize. CPRI has projected that against the current production of 45.1 mt India will have to produce 56.15 and 124.88 million tonnes of potato during the years 2025 and 2050, respectively to meet the future demands. At the same time the crop is sensitive to heat, drought and moderately sensitive to cold and salinity stress which results in reduction of size and number of tubers. However, large germplasm and wide range of species and genetic diversity in potato provide opportunity to develop climate resilient genotypes to minimize the impact of climate change. Different breeding strategies for potato which could help in climate resilient breeding program includes 1) Screening of wild relative for resistant sources; 2) Utilization of the resistant species in hybridization and somatic hybridization; 3) Identification and mapping of stress tolerant QTLs; 4) Marker assisted selection of tolerant gene; and 5) Transfer of stress tolerant genes from other unrelated crop through transgenic approach. There is various report of successful transfer of genes in potato such as development of heat tolerant variety (Kufri Surya) through hybridization (Anonymous, 2006). Cardi et al., 1999, developed somatic hybrid between S. tuberosum and S. commersonii for frost tolerance. Anithakumar et al., 2012, identified 28 drought specific QTLs and 17 under recovery treatment in potato. A BADH gene from spinach under the control of the stress-induced promoter rd29A from Arabidopsis thaliana was introduced for salinity and drought tolerant in potato cv. Gannongshu 2 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens methods. Therefore, location specific suitable new breeding approaches need to be formulated for developing climate resilient varieties of vegetable crops for sustaining the self-sufficiency in this sector. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/1 10.71371/ijfsmr.v1.i1.01 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 1-8 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/1/8 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/3 2026-07-25T09:06:56Z files:ART

Climate Crisis and Unlimited Growth: Pushing the Limits of the Planet Jige Sandipan Babasaheb Dr. D. P. Singh Climate Change, Global Warming, Sustainable Development, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Renewable Energy Climate Change and unlimited economic growth are increasingly pushing the planet beyond its ecological limits, threatening environmental sustainability and human survival. Rapid industrialization, population growth, urbanization, deforestation, and excessive dependence on fossil fuels have intensified greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in global warming, biodiversity loss, sea level rise, and frequent extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, heat waves, and wildfires. The study examines the historical development of climate change, major causes of the climate crisis, impacts on ecosystems, agriculture, biodiversity, and human health, as well as the role of international initiatives and policies in mitigating environmental degradation. It highlights how the concept of unlimited growth on a finite planet has accelerated resource depletion and ecological imbalance. The paper further discusses global climate agreements, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and Paris Agreement, and emphasizes the importance of renewable energy, sustainable development, carbon reduction, climate-resilient infrastructure, and nature-based solutions. The study concludes that immediate global cooperation, sustainable resourc management, and transition toward low-carbon economies are essential to protect the planet and ensure a secure future for coming generations. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/3 10.71371/n1qf0z89 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 09-18 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/3/10 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/4 2026-07-25T09:07:39Z files:ART

Climate Change and Its Impact on Agricultural Labourers Om Prakash Maurya Pukhraj Singh Lalit Kumar Verma Climate Change, Global Warming, Sustainable Development, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Renewable Energy Climate Change and unlimited economic growth are increasingly pushing the planet beyond its ecological limits, threatening environmental sustainability and human survival. Rapid industrialization, population growth, urbanization, deforestation, and excessive dependence on fossil fuels have intensified greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in global warming, biodiversity loss, sea level rise, and frequent extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, heat waves, and wildfires. The study examines the historical development of climate change, major causes of the climate crisis, impacts on ecosystems, agriculture, biodiversity, and human health, as well as the role of international initiatives and policies in mitigating environmental degradation. It highlights how the concept of unlimited growth on a finite planet has accelerated resource depletion and ecological imbalance. The paper further discusses global climate agreements, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and Paris Agreement, and emphasizes the importance of renewable energy, sustainable development, carbon reduction, climate-resilient infrastructure, and nature-based solutions. The study concludes that immediate global cooperation, sustainable resource management, and transition toward low-carbon economies are essential to protect the planet and ensure a secure future for coming generations. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/4 10.71371/aactma90 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 19-24 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/4/11 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/5 2026-07-13T11:07:19Z files:ART

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/6 2026-07-13T11:07:38Z files:ART

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/7 2026-07-25T09:13:28Z files:ART

Role of Wildlife Conservation Strategies in Maintaining Biodiversity and Ecological Balance Dr. Shailendra Pratap Singh Wildlife Conservation; Biodiversity; Ecological Balance; Habitat Restoration; Species Protection Wildlife conservation has become a critical global priority for preserving biodiversity and maintaining ecological balance in the face of habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, and species extinction. Conservation strategies such as protected area management, habitat restoration, community-based conservation, species recovery programs, and technological monitoring approaches have gained increasing importance in sustaining ecosystems. The present study investigates the role of wildlife conservation strategies in maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance using a comprehensive analytical and review-based approach. The study focuses on major areas such as protected areas, in situ and ex situ conservation, habitat restoration, species management, and modern conservation technologies. Data have been collected from scientific literature, conservation reports, and international environmental organizations. Findings indicate that wildlife conservation strategies significantly contribute to species protection, ecosystem resilience, restoration of ecological processes, and long-term environmental sustainability. Advances in conservation science, policy interventions, and community participation have strengthened biodiversity protection globally. The study highlights the importance of integrated conservation strategies for sustaining ecological balance and achieving global biodiversity goals. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/7 10.71371/3471q380 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 42-48 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/7/14 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/9 2026-07-25T09:11:26Z files:ART

Mitochondrial DNA variation in economically important fish species Dr. Pramod Kumar Chak Dr. D.P.Singh Mitochondrial DNA, COI, cytochrome b, genetic diversity, Uttar Pradesh Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers (COI, cytochrome b, D-loop, ATPase 6/8) have become essential tools for assessing genetic variation, population structure, and phylogeography of economically important freshwater fishes. This review synthesizes mtDNA-based studies on Indian freshwater fishes, highlights results relevant to rivers that flow through Uttar Pradesh (particularly the Ganga basin), and evaluates marker performance for stock identification and conservation. Available studies indicate moderate-to-high mtDNA diversity in many carp and catfish taxa, frequent shallow spatial structuring for widespread species, and evidence that habitat fragmentation and anthropogenic pressures can reduce genetic connectivity. For Uttar Pradesh, published molecular sampling is relatively sparse; targeted mtDNA surveys across major Ganga tributaries are urgently needed to inform stock management and hatchery supplementation programs. Key recommendations include coordinated mtDNA barcoding and control-region surveys across UP rivers and integration with nuclear markers for robust management decisions. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/9 10.71371/9snc7839 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 25-29 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/9/15 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/10 2026-07-25T09:12:06Z files:ART

Genome-wide Identification and Characterization of Stress-responsive Genomic Elements with Special Reference to the RD22 Gene Family in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L. Dr. Manoj Kumar Sharma Arya Ji Vicia faba, RD22, dehydration-responsive, BURP domain, abiotic stress, genome-wide identification, in silico characterization Background: Abiotic stresses, particularly drought and osmotic stress, severely constrain the productivity of faba bean (Vicia faba L.), one of the most important cool-season food legumes globally. The RD22 (Responsive to Dehydration 22) gene family encodes hydrophilic proteins that play pivotal roles in abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent stress signaling pathways. Despite the agronomic significance of faba bean, the RD22 gene family remains uncharacterized at the genome-wide level. Objective: To identify, characterize, and comprehensively analyze the RD22 gene family in Vicia faba through an integrated in silico approach. Methods: Using the recently available V. faba cv. Hedin2 reference genome, we conducted a genome-wide survey of RD22-like genes. Forty-four putative VfRD22 genes were identified and subjected to comprehensive bioinformatic analyses including conserved domain identification (Pfam/InterProScan), motif analysis (MEME Suite), physicochemical property prediction (ProtParam), subcellular localization prediction (WoLF PSORT), and phylogenetic reconstruction. Results: The 44 VfRD22 genes were distributed across all six chromosomes and unplaced scaffolds, encoding proteins ranging from 117 to 634 amino acids (mean: 332.9 ± 143.9 aa). All proteins were predicted to be hydrophilic (GRAVY: −0.291 ± 0.206) with 65.1% classified as stable (instability index < 40). Conserved domain analysis revealed that all members harbored the characteristic BURP domain, with six genes additionally containing BURP superfamily signatures. Three highly conserved motifs were identified across all family members. Subcellular localization prediction indicated predominant extracellular and cytoplasmic localization, consistent with secreted stress-responsive proteins. Phylogenetic analysis revealed five distinct clades, with chromosome 1 harboring a notable tandem duplication cluster (VfRD22.7–VfRD22.15). Conclusion: This study provides the first comprehensive genome-wide characterization of the RD22 gene family in faba bean, establishing a foundational genomic resource for understanding ABA-mediated dehydration responses and for the development of stress-resilient faba bean varieties through marker-assisted breeding and transgenic approaches. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/10 10.71371/y998zm53 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 30-41 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/10/16 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/11 2026-07-25T09:14:17Z files:ART

Von Economo and Fork Neurons across Three Independently Evolved Vocal-Learning Bird Lineages Prof. (Dr.) Arun Kumar Ravi Srivastava convergent evolution, von Economo neurons, fork neurons, vocal learning, avian brain, comparative cytoarchitecture Independently evolved instances of vocal learning in birds — in parrots (Psittaciformes), oscine songbirds (Passeriformes), and hummingbirds (Trochiliformes) — offer a natural experiment for testing whether complex behavioural convergence is accompanied by convergence at the level of individual neuron morphology. This study used comparative Golgi impregnation to characterize von Economo neuron (VEN)-like cells and the related fork neuron across the vocal control nuclei of representative species from all three lineages: the Indian ringneck parrot (Psittacula krameri), the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), the canary (Serinus canaria), and Anna's hummingbird (Calypte anna). VEN-like neurons were identified in every vocal control nucleus examined in all four species. Despite the species spanning close to an order of magnitude in brain mass, key morphological ratios were remarkably conserved: soma aspect ratio ranged only from 1.33 to 1.37, soma volume relative to adjacent non-VEN neurons ranged from 3.8× to 4.8×, and dendritic arbor reduction relative to pyramidal-type neurons ranged from 58% to 65%. Fork neurons co-occurred with VEN-like neurons in every nucleus and species examined at a strikingly stable ratio of 2.2:1 (range 2.0:1–2.3:1), with the highest combined densities consistently located in the HVC/NLC and RA equivalents. These findings indicate that VEN-like and fork neuron morphology is not a species-specific idiosyncrasy but a conserved cellular solution that has arisen independently at least three times within the avian vocal-learning lineages examined, paralleling similar convergent cellular specializations previously documented across vocal-learning mammals. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/11 10.71371/90m96944 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 49-55 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/11/17 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/12 2026-07-25T09:14:55Z files:ART

From Historical Bonds to Modern Partnerships: India–Nepal Relations and the Emerging Role of Balen Shah Nakul Sharma Dr. Rajkumar Singh India–Nepal relations, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Balen Shah, ‘Neighbourhood First', Gen Z movement, Kalapani, non-alignment, South Asian diplomacy. In this paper, the author has tried to trace the course of the India-Nepal relations from its strong historical and civilizational linkages to the current juncture of generational change in the Nepalese politics. It asserts that, since the day Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi took office in 2014, the relationship has been marked by alternating highs and lows, partly because of the ‘Neighbourhood First' outreach that has often run into problems over sovereignty issues – the most glaring being over Kalapani, Lipulekh, Limpiyadhura during the 2015 constitutional crisis and in 2019-2020 border dispute. The study then moves on to the rupture of 2025-2026, when an uprising by youth swept away the existing order and ushered in a four-year-old party, the Rastriya Swatantra Party (RSP), and its leader, Balendra “Balen” Shah, who is 36 years old. The paper evaluates Shah's adherence to a nationalist and sovereignty-first foreign policy, as well as his evident Third Worldist approach, which is rooted in his non-aligned stance, and their impact on the bilateral relationship, based on press reporting, think-tank analysis and official statements until June 2026, against the backdrop of the structural tensions of the bilateral relationship, including the China factor, the asymmetry and the territory. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/12 10.71371/87w1k128 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 56-61 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/12/18 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/15 2026-07-25T09:15:37Z files:ART

Environmental Pollution and Its Impact on Aquatic Ecosystems with Special Reference to Ponds in Meerut Region Dr. Mamta Verma Tanu Divanshi Kanshal Monika Sharma Environmental Pollution; Aquatic Ecosystem; Ponds; Meerut. Environmental pollution has emerged as one of the most serious hreats to freshwater ecosystems, particularly ponds, which support rich biodiversity and provide essential ecological services. Rapid urbanization, agricultural intensification, industrial development, domestic sewage discharge, and improper solid waste management have significantly degraded pond ecosystems in the Meerut region of Uttar Pradesh. Increasing concentrations of nutrients, pesticides, heavy metals, plastics, and organic pollutants have adversely affected water quality, aquatic biodiversity, ecosystem productivity, and ecological stability. Ponds serve as important habitats for fish, amphibians, aquatic plants, plankton, macroinvertebrates, and numerous microorganisms that contribute to nutrient cycling and ecological balance. The present study investigates the impact of environmental pollution on aquatic ecosystems with special reference to ponds in the Meerut region through a comprehensive analytical review of recent scientific literature and regional environmental conditions. The findings indicate that deteriorating water quality has resulted in eutrophication, reduced dissolved oxygen, biodiversity loss, fish mortality, proliferation of invasive species, and disruption of aquatic food webs. The study further highlights sustainable management strategies including wastewater treatment, pollution control, ecological restoration, public awareness, and community participation for conserving pond ecosystems. The study concludes that integrated environmental management and scientific conservation measures are essential for protecting freshwater biodiversity and maintaining ecological sustainability in the Meerut region. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/15 10.71371/g5z59y14 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 62-66 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/15/21 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.ijfsmr.com:article/20 2026-07-25T09:16:13Z files:ART

Transforming Bank Customer Engagement through CRM Integration with Account Intelligence Dr. Rani Pal The banking industry is racing away, from its legacy model, toward an ecosystem a shift propelled by fintech breakthroughs and the way customers now expect to interact with their money. By rolling out tech and reshaping services to match those shifting preferences banks are knitting more durable bonds with their clientele. Still the pivot brings its set of headaches—banks must juggle the urge to innovate digitally with the need to keep customers truly engaged stay within ever tightening frameworks and safeguard a flood of sensitive data. This research examines how linking Assistant Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems with a range of payment technologies—Digital wallets, QR codes, point of sale (POS) terminals, IMPS, UPI, NEFT and RTGS—can deepen customer engagement broaden inclusion and underpin sustainable growth, in the banking sector. Survey results and dataanalyses indicate that these innovations have noticeably improved both the accessibility and convenience of services. The study also scrutinizes the environment and the escalating relevance of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). To preserve stability and security the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has instituted rules governing payments, cybersecurity and consumer protection. The findings hint that while financial innovation can boost efficiency and broaden access it also demands oversight to curb risks such, as fraud and infrastructure constraints. Genic Books Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/20 10.71371/ijfsmr1171-85 International Journal of Frontier Science and Multidisciplinary Research (IJFSMR); IJFSMR: Vol 1, Issue 1, April-June 2026; 67-76 3139-647X en https://ijfsmr.com/index.php/files/article/view/20/22 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0